Chapter 4 of class 10 Physical Science Acids, Bases and Salts discuss various reactions of acids and bases. Also, neutralisation of bases by acids and many more interesting activities that we encounter in our day-to-day life are discussed. AP Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 4 Acids, Bases and Salts is an interesting chapter to learn.
Differences Between Acids and Bases – Acids vs Bases
| Acid | Base |
| Formation of H+ (aq) ions in the solution results in the acidic nature of a substance. | Formation of OH– in the solution results in the basic nature of a substance. |
| When acids react with metal carbonates, corresponding salt along with the evolution of carbon dioxide and water is formed. | Reaction of base with metals results in the formation of the respective salts and the evolution of hydrogen gas. |
| Acidic solutions in water conduct electricity because they produce hydrogen ions. | Basic solutions in water conduct electricity because they produce hydroxide ions. |
| More acidic a solution, lesser will be its pH | More basic a solution, the stronger will be a base |
In the next section, let us look at a few answered chapter questions, to better understand the concepts discussed in the chapter.
Chapter 4 Acids, Bases and Salts Questions
- What is a neutralization reaction? Give two examples.
Answer:
Neutralisation process is a reaction between an acid and a base resulting in the formation of salt and water.
Example:
[latex]HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O[/latex] [latex]HNO_3+KOH\rightarrow KNO_3+H_2O[/latex]- Why does a tooth decay start when the pH of mouth is lower than 5.5?
Answer:
Tooth enamel, the hardest substance in the body, starts to decay when the pH level in the mouth is below 5.5. The bacteria that are present in the mouth produce acids by degrading the sugar and food particles that remain in the mouth after eating.
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