Amine is an ammonia derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, while Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. A sigma bond joins a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom bonded by hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms. In contrast, an imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. If connected with a carbon atom, the compound is a Schiffs base.
Table of Content
- What is an Amine?
- What is an Amide?
- What is an Imine?
- Difference between Amine Amide
- Difference between Amide Imine
- Difference between Amine Imine
- Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is an Amine?
Amine is an ammonia derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group. An amine is a functional group containing a nitrogen atom with lone pair. The alkylation of alcohol with ammonia can synthesise the amine. The substituent -NH2 is known as an amino group.
ROH + NH3 → RNH2 + H2O
What is an Amide?
Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. It has a general formula R(CO)NR2.
- A sigma bond joins a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom bonded by hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.
Amide can be synthesised by reacting acid chloride with an amine.
What is an Imine?
An imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. If connected with a carbon atom, the compound is a Schiffs base. An imine can be synthesised by reacting aldehyde or a ketone with an amine.
German chemist Albert Ladenburg discovered the first imine compound.
Difference between Amine and Amide
| S No. | Amine | Amide |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Amine comprises one or more nitrogen atoms bonded with alkyl groups. | Amide comprises a deprotonated ammonium group with an acyl group. |
| 2. | Amine has no carbonyl group attached to the carbon atom. | Amide has a carbonyl group attached to the carbon atom. |
| 3. | Amine is basic. | Amide is acidic. |
| 4. | Most low molecular weight amine is gas at room temperature or is
easily vaporisable. |
Most of the amide is solid at room temperature. |
| 5. | Amine has a relatively low boiling point. | Amide has a relatively high boiling point. |
Difference between Amide and Imine
| S No. | Amide | Imine |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | An amide is a functional group in which a sigma bond links a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom and either a hydrogen or a carbon atom. | An imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. |
| 2. | Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. | The imine is a derivative of aldehydes and ketones by substituting an oxygen atom with an (N-R) group. |
| 3. | Amide is odourless. | Imine has a roasted odour of seafood. |
| 4. | Amide has a general formula R(CO)NR2. | Imine has a general formula R2C=NR. |
| 5. | The bond length of amide is relatively more than imine. | The bond length of imine is relatively less than amide. |
Difference between Amine and Imine
| S No. | Amine | Imine |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | An amine is a functional group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group. | An imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. |
| 2. | An amine is a derivative of ammonia formed by substituting one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. | An imine is a derivative of aldehydes and ketones formed by substituting an oxygen atom with an (N-R) group. |
| 3. | Amine has a general formula R(CO)NR2. | Imine has a general formula R2C=NR. |
| 4. | Amine has a fishy smell. | Imine has a roasted odour of seafood. |
| 5. | An amine is relatively more basic than imine. | An imine is relatively less basic than an amine. |
Frequently Asked Questions on Amine Amide Imine
What is amine?
An amine is a functional group containing a nitrogen atom with lone pair. Amine is an ammonia derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group. The substituent -NH2 is known as an amino group.
What is amide?
Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. It has a general formula R(CO)NR2.
A sigma bond joins a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom bonded by hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.
What is imine?
An imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond. Nitrogen is linked with either hydrogen or a carbon atom. If connected with a carbon atom, the compound is a Schiffs base.
Are amine and amide the same?
No, amine and amide are not the same. Amine is an ammonia derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, while amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid. A sigma bond joins a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom bonded by hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.
Are amide and imine same?
No, amide and imine are not same. An amide is a functional group in which a sigma bond links a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom and either a hydrogen or a carbon atom. In contrast, an imine is a functional group containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond.
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