Q1. What do you understand by the term pH?
Answer: pH is the abbreviation of the potential of hydrogen ions. It is a scale used to determine hydrogen ion (H+) concentration. It is equivalent to the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration.
pH = – log [H+]
Q2. What do you understand by the term pOH?
Answer: pOH is the abbreviation of the potential of hydroxide ions. It is a scale used to determine the hydroxide ion (OH–) concentration. It is equivalent to the negative logarithm of hydroxide ion (OH–) concentration.
pH = – log [OH–]
Q3. What do you understand by the term titration?
Answer: Titration is an analytical method to estimate the concentration of an unknown solution using a solution of known concentration.
Q4. What do you understand by the term universal indicator?
Answer: A universal indicator is a mixture of pH indicator solutions. It gives different colours at different pH values
Q5. What do you understand by the term titrant?
Answer: The titrant is a solution of known concentration. It is added to another solution to estimate its concentration. It is typically taken in a burette.
Q6. Why is the pH of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.1 M acetic acid different?
Answer: The pH of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.1 M acetic acid is different because of the difference in the degree of ionisation.
Q7. What do you understand by the term titrate?
Answer: Titrate is the solution that is titrated. It is typically taken in a conical flask. Hydrochloric acid is used as a titrate in this experiment.
Q8. What trend of pH change will you observe in the neutralisation of strong acid with a strong base?
Answer: We will observe that the endpoint of the neutralisation of strong acid with a strong base equals one.
Q9. What trend of pH change will you observe in the neutralisation of weak acid with a strong base?
Answer: We will observe an immediate change in the pH value at the end of the reaction, depending on the salt formed.
Q10. What is Ostwald dilution law?
Answer: Ostwald dilution law states that the degree of ionisation of weak electrolytes is directly proportional to the square root of dilution and inversely proportional to the square root of concentration.
Q11. What do you understand by the term strong acid?
Answer: An acid that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution is known as a strong acid.
Q12. What do you understand by the term weak acid?
Answer: A acid that does not dissociate completely in an aqueous solution is known as a weak acid.
Q13. Give one example of a strong and weak acid?
Answer: Hydrochloric Acid is a strong acid, while acetic acid is a weak acid.
Q14. What does the pH of a solution signify?
Answer: The pH of a solution signify the concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) in the solution.
Q15. What is the effect of dilution on the pH of
- An acidic solution
- A basic solution
Answer: The effect of dilution on the pH of
- pH of an acidic solution increases on dilution
- pH of a basic solution decreases on dilution.
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