Hydrogen, represented by the elemental symbol H, is the first element of the periodic table. A hydrogen atom consists of one proton and no neutron in its nucleus. Only one electron is present in the orbital of the hydrogen atom. It is the simplest and the most abundant element found in the universe. It exists in gaseous state as H2 and is highly flammable.
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Definition: Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas. It has the least density among all the gasses. It is used as a rocket fuel and is also used in the production of fertilizer. It is extremely important in the chemical industry for the synthesis of ammonia by Haber’s process. |
Hydrogen Chemistry Questions with Solutions
Q1. What are the isotopes of hydrogen?
Answer: The isotopes of hydrogen are protium (1H), deuterium (2D) and tritium (3T).
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Q2. Explain one method for the preparation of hydrogen in the laboratory.
Answer: Hydrogen can be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of zinc granules with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Zn + 2H+ → Zn2+ + H2.
Q3. What is water gas?
Answer: The mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is called water gas.
Q4. What is the use of water gas?
Answer: Water gas is used for the production of methanol and other hydrocarbons. Water gas is also called synthesis gas.
CO + 2H2 → CH3OH
Q5. Explain one method for the commercial production of hydrogen
Answer: Hydrogen is produced commercially by the electrolysis of water in acidic medium using Pt electrodes.
Q6. What is the electron configuration of hydrogen?
Answer: The electron configuration of hydrogen is 1s1.
Q7. Match the following items of column 1 with column 2 and choose the correct answer:
|
Column 1 |
Column 2 |
|---|---|
|
1) H2 + Cl2 |
a) Water |
|
2) 2H2 + O2 |
b) Ammonia |
|
3) 3H2 + N2 |
c) Lithium hydride |
|
4) H2 + 2Li |
d) Hydrogen Chloride |
Answer:
|
Column 1 |
Column 2 |
|---|---|
|
1) H2 + Cl2 |
d) Hydrogen Chloride |
|
2) 2H2 + O2 |
a) Water |
|
3) 3H2 + N2 |
b) Ammonia |
|
4) H2 + 2Li |
c) Lithium hydride |
Q8. State two uses of hydrogen?
Answer: Hydrogen is used in fuel cells to generate electricity.
It is also used in the production of vanaspati fat by hydrogenation of vegetable oils.
Q9. How are hydrides classified?
Answer: Hydrides are classified into 3 types- ionic hydrides, covalent hydrides and metallic hydrides.
Q10. What is the atomic mass of hydrogen?
Answer: The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.00784 amu.
Q11. Which spectroscopy method is used primarily for structural analysis?
Answer: 1H NMR is used primarily for structural analysis.
Q12. What are the drawbacks of hydrogen as a fuel?
Answer: Hydrogen is difficult to store and is also a highly flammable gas causing fire and explosion which makes it an unsafe resource.
Q13. What is the Lyman series?
Answer: The Lyman series of the hydrogen spectral series refers to the transition of electron from higher outer orbital to n = 1 level.
Q14. What are the series of lines in the hydrogen spectral series?
Answer: Lyman series, Balmer series, Paschen series, Brackett and Pfund are the series of lines in the hydrogen spectrum.
Q15. What is the Balmer series?
Answer: The Balmer series of the hydrogen spectral series refers to the transition of the electron from higher outer orbital to n = 2 level.
Practice Questions on Hydrogen
Q1.Who discovered the hydrogen element?
Q2.Explain Hydrogen bonding?
Q3.How many hydrogen bonds can water make?
Q4. What is the value of the Bohr radius of a hydrogen atom?
Q5.What is the energy (in eV) of the ground state of a hydrogen atom?
Click the PDF to check the answers for Practice Questions.
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