Metals are characterised as elements with lustre, are malleable and ductile, and are good heat and electricity conductors. They are electropositive elements because they lose electrons and create positive ions as a result. Sodium, magnesium, potassium, aluminium, copper, silver, gold, and other metals are examples.
Non-metals are defined as elements that lack lustre, are not good conductors of heat and electricity, and are not malleable. They are brittle rather than ductile. They are electronegative elements because they gain electrons and generate negative ions as a result.
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, bromine, and other elements are examples.
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Definition: Metals and non-metals are two categories of materials that we come into contact with on a daily basis. Metals and non-metals are the two types of elements, and it’s crucial to know which one is which. Non-metals (such as phosphorus and sulphur) are insulators, whereas metals (such as copper and aluminium) are good conductors of heat and electricity. The properties of a material are used to classify it. |
Metals and Non-metals MCQ Chemistry Questions with Solutions
Q1: Aluminium is used for making cooking utensils. Which of the following properties of aluminium are responsible for the same?
(i) Good thermal conductivity
(ii) Good electrical conductivity
(iii) Ductility
(iv) High melting point
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (iv)
Answer: (d) (i) and (iv)
Explanation: Aluminum is ductile and has a high electrical conductivity, which makes it unsuitable for utensil production. Aluminium has a high melting point and good heat conductivity. Copper, steel (an alloy of iron), and aluminium are the most popular metals used to make utensils. Due to their ability to conduct heat, copper and aluminium are the most used materials.
Q2: Which property of metals is used for making bells and strings of musical instruments like Sitar and Violin?
(a) Malleability
(b) Sonorousness
(c) Ductility
(d) Conductivity
Answer: (b) Sonorousness
Explanation: Metal’s sonorousness refers to its ability to produce sound. As a result, it’s used to make musical instruments like the Sitar and the Violin’s bells and strings.
Q3: Due to their semiconductor properties the non-metals used in computers, T.V. etc. are
(a) Carbon
(b) Bromine
(c) Silicon
(d) Fluorine
Answer: (c) Silicon
Explanation: Semiconductors are materials that have neither the conductivity of a conductor nor the insulating properties of an insulator. They are formed of pure silicon crystal, which is effectively pure silicon. Silicon is ideal for this lattice structure because its four valence electrons enable it to form perfect bonds with four of its silicon neighbours.
As a result, C is the correct answer.
Q4: Al2O3 + 2NaOH → …… + H2O
(a) Al(OH)3
(b) Na2O
(c) NaAlO2
(d) AlNaO2
Answer: (c) NaAlO2
Explanation: Alumina, or dialuminum trioxide, is the chemical formula for Al2O3. It’s a Lewis acid, to be precise.
Sodium hydroxide is abbreviated as NaOH. It’s a solid base. When a base reacts with an acid, the results are usually salt and water.
As a result, lewis acid alumina combines with the base sodium hydroxide to generate salt and water in this reaction.
Q5: Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?
(a) FeSO4 solution and Copper metal
(b) AgNO3 solution and Copper metal
(c) CuSO4 solution and Silver metal
(d) NaCl solution and Copper metal
Answer: (b) AgNO3 solution and Copper metal
Explanation: The displacement reaction occurs when copper metal and silver nitrate solution are combined, and the chemical equation is: Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag.
Q6: Non-metals form covalent chlorides because
(a) they can give electrons to chlorine
(b) they can share electrons with chlorine
(c) they can give electrons to chlorine atoms to form chloride ions
(d) they cannot share electrons with chlorine atoms
Answer: (b) they can share electrons with chlorine
Explanation: By sharing electrons, non-metals create covalent bonds with other non-metals. Metals, on the other hand, lose electrons while non-metals gain them through the formation of ionic bonds.
Q7: Which of the following are not ionic compounds?
(i) KCl
(ii) HCl
(iii) CCl4
(iv) NaCl
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iii)
Answer: (b) (ii) and (iii)
Explanation: Because HCl and CCl4 are covalent compounds, they are unable to be ionic. Non-ionic compounds contain covalent bonds. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) form covalent bonds because two atoms share a pair of electrons.
Since they possess positive and negative ions, sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) form ionic compounds.
Q8: An alloy reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce a gas which ‘pops’ a lighted splint. The residue reacted with dilute nitric acid to form a blue solution. Which one of the following pairs of metals is present in the alloy?
(a) Copper and lead
(b) Lead and magnesium
(c) Lead and zinc
(d) Copper and magnesium
Answer: (d) Copper and magnesium
Explanation: When zinc combines with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced, which causes a lighted splint to pop. When copper residue combines with dilute nitric acid, it forms a blue solution.
Q9: The process in which a carbonate ore is heated strongly in the absence of air to convert it into metal oxide is called
(a) Roasting
(b) Calcination
(c) Reduction
(d) Smelting
Answer: (b) Calcination
Explanation: Calcination is the process of converting a carbonate ore into metal oxide by exposing it to high temperatures in the absence of oxygen. Zinc oxide is produced by heating zinc carbonate in the absence of air.
Q10: Which one among the following is an acidic oxide?
(a) Na2O
(b) CO
(c) CO2
(d) Al2O3
Answer: (c) CO2
Explanation: Carbon dioxide is an acidic gas that dissolves with water to produce carbonic acid. Because carbon dioxide does not contain hydrogen, it is not an acid. However, CO2 dissolves in water to form an acidic solution, just like any other nonmetal oxide.
Q11: Metals are refined by using different methods. Which of the following metals are refined by electrolytic refining?
(i) Au
(ii) Cu
(iii) Na
(iv) K
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii)and (iv)
Answer: (a) (i) and (ii)
Explanation: Different reduction procedures yield metals that aren’t extremely pure. They contain impurities that must be eliminated before pure metals can be obtained. Electrolytic refining is the most common method for purifying impure metals. Electrolytic refining recovers impurities such as gold, silver, platinum group metals, arsenic, selenium, and tellurium.
Q12: Which one of the following four metals would be displaced from the solution of its salts by the other three metals?
(a) Mg
(b) Zn
(c) Ag
(d) Cu
Answer: (c) Ag
Explanation: Silver is a non-reactive metal that can be easily displaced.
- Ag would be displaced from its salt solution by metals such as Mg, Zn, or Cu.
- The standard reduction potential for the half-reaction Ag is the maximum among the metals. As a result, the Ag+ ion is the most strong oxidising agent among the metals (ions).
- Other metals lose an electron while the Ag+ ion gains one.
Q13: An element A is soft and can be cut with a knife. This is very reactive to air and cannot be kept open. It reacts vigorously with water. Identify the element from the following:
(a) Na
(b) Mg
(c) P
(d) Ca
Answer: (a) Na
Explanation: Sodium is a soft alkali metal that can be easily cut with a knife.
Soft metals are malleable metals that can be dented, worked, or cut without shattering.
The softness of sodium metal allows it to be cut with a knife.
Q14: Galvanisation is a method of protecting iron from rusting by coating it with a thin layer of
(a) Galium
(b) Aluminium
(c) Zinc
(d) Silver
Answer: (c) Zinc
Explanation: When exposed to air and moisture, iron rusts quickly, and rusting can be prevented by applying a thin layer of zinc to the surface. Galvanisation is the process of applying a zinc coating to iron and steel.
Q15: The electronic configurations of three elements X, Y and Z are X — 2, 8; Y — 2, 8, 7 and Z — 2, 8, 2. Which of the following is correct?
(a) X is a metal
(b) Y is a metal
(c) Z is a non-metal
(d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal
Answer: (d) Y is a non-metal and Z is a metal
Explanation: X = 1s2 2s2 2p6 = 2, 8 = 10
It is the electronic configuration of neon.
Y = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 = 2, 8, 7 = 17
It is the configuration of the halogen family of chlorine atoms which is non-metal.
Z = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 = 2,8,2 = 12
It is the configuration of alkaline earth metals of magnesium atom which is metal.
X is a noble gas
Y is a non-metal
Z is a metal
Practise Questions on Metals and Non-metals MCQ
Q1: Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of a metal with a metal or non-metal. Which among the following alloys contain non-metal as one of its constituents?
(a) Brass
(b) Bronze
(c) Amalgam
(d) Steel
Q2: Amalgam is an alloy of
(a) Mercury
(b) Copper and Tin
(c) Lead and Tin
(d) Copper and Zinc
Q3: Copper objects lose their shine and form a green coating of
(a) Copper oxide
(b) Copper hydroxide and Copper oxide
(c) Basic Copper carbonate
(d) Copper carbonate
Q4: The most abundant metal in the earth’s crust is
(a) Aluminium
(b) Iron
(c) Calcium
(d) Sodium
Q5: What happens when calcium is treated with water?
(i) It does not react with water.
(ii) It reacts violently with water.
(iii) It reacts less violently with water.
(iv) Bubbles of hydrogen gas formed stick to the surface of calcium.
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
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