Most things we encounter in our everyday life are not pure. They are the mixture of two or more substances. Hence, separatory techniques play a crucial role in segregating a mixture of substances. Hand-picking, Winnowing, Threshing, Sieving, Distillation, Evaporation, Sedimentation and Filteration are common separation methods.
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Definition: Separation is a method or process used to separate two substances that once formed a mixture. |
Separation Chemistry Questions with Solutions
Q1. A solution which contains the maximum possible amount of solute at any given temperature is known as
(a) Saturated solution
(b) Unsaturated solution
(c ) Supersaturated solution
(d) None of the solutions
Answer: (a) A solution which contains the maximum possible amount of solute at any given temperature is known as a saturated solution.
Q2. The process of separating grains from the chaff is known as
(a) Hand picking
(b) Winnowing
(c ) Threshing
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) The process of separating grains from the chaff is known as winnowing.
Q3. The process of separating common salt from its solution is known as
(a) Decantation
(b) Evaporation
(c ) Sedimentation
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) The process of separating common salt from its solution is known as evaporation.
Q4. The process of settling down heavier, insoluble particles in an undisturbed mixture solution is known as
(a) Sedimentation
(b) Filteration
(c ) Decantation
(d) None of the above
Answer: (a) The process of settling down heavier, insoluble particles in an undisturbed mixture solution is known as sedimentation.
Q5. Which is the correct order to separate salt from a mixture of salt and sand?
(a) Dissolving, Evaporation, and Filtration
(b) Evaporation, Dissolving, and Filteration
(c ) Dissolving, Filtration, and Evaporation
(d) None of the above
Answer: (c ) The correct order to separate salt from a mixture of salt and sand is Dissolving, Filtration, and Evaporation.
Q6. What do you mean by the term separation?
Answer: Separation is a method or process used to separate two substances that once formed a mixture.
Q7. Differentiate between separation by distillation and separatory funnel.
Answer: We can differentiate between separation by distillation and separatory funnel in the following ways.
|
S. No. |
Separation by distillation |
Separation by the separatory funnel |
|---|---|---|
|
1. |
It is employed for the separation of two miscible liquids. |
It is employed for the separation of two immiscible liquids. |
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2. |
It is based on the difference in the boiling points of two liquids. |
It is based on the difference in the densities of two liquids. |
Q8. Name any two separatory techniques that can be used to separate solid-solid mixtures.
Answer: We can separate solid-solid mixtures by using the following methods.
1. Hand-picking
2. Winnowing
Q9. What do you mean by the term sieving? Where is it employed?
Answer: Sieving is a separatory technique used to separate fine particles from bigger particles by using a sieve. It is used in flour mills or at construction sites. In a flour mill, impurities like husks and stones are removed from wheat. In construction sites, pebbles and stones are removed from sand by sieving.
Q10. What do you mean by the term winnowing? Where is it employed?
Answer: Winnowing is a separatory technique used to separate heavier and lighter components of a mixture by wind or by blowing air. It is used by farmers to separate lighter husk particles from heavier seeds of grain.
Q11. Name the technique used to separate
(a) Cream from milk
(b) Salt from water
(c) Camphor from sand
(d) Oil from water
Answer: (a) The technique used to separate cream from milk is centrifugation.
(b) The technique used to separate salt from water is distillation.
(c) The technique used to separate camphor from sand is sublimation.
(d) The technique used to separate oil from water is decantation.
Q12. How can you separate sand and water from their mixture?
Answer: We can separate sand and water from their mixture using sedimentation and decantation methods. Foremost, we will leave the sand water mixture for a while. Later, we will pour the sand water mixture into another container. We will see that the mixture is separated. The heavier sand particles will settle at the container’s bottom.
Q13. Name the method that can be used for separating the following mixtures.
(a) Sand and husk
(b) Wheat, sugar, and silk
(c) Water and petrol
(d) Rice and salt
(e) Sand and salt
Answer:
(a) The method that can be used for separating sand and husk is winnowing.
(b) The method that can be used for separating wheat, sugar, and silk is winnowing.
(c) We can separate water and petrol by using a separatory funnel.
(d) The method that can be used for separating rice and salt is sieving.
(e) The method that can be used for separating sand and salt is sedimentation and decantation, followed by filtration.
Q14. How will you differentiate between homogenous and heterogeneous mixtures?
Answer:
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S. No. |
Homogenous Mixture |
Heterogeneous Mixture |
|---|---|---|
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1. |
It has a uniform composition and appearance. |
It has a non-uniform composition and appearance. |
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2. |
It cannot be visually differentiated. |
It can be distinctly observed. |
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3. |
Example: Olive oil, steel, salt in water |
Example: Salad, trail mix |
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4. |
We can not separate components of the homogenous mixture. |
We can separate components of the heterogeneous mixture. |
Q15. Match the following.
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Column A |
Column B |
|---|---|
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Sand from a mixture of sand and water |
Fractional distillation |
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Alcohol from a mixture of methyl alcohol and water |
Distillation |
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Kerosene from a mixture of kerosene and water |
Filtration |
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Pure water from impure water |
Sublimation |
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Naphthalene from a mixture of naphthalene and lead chloride |
Separating funnel |
Answer:
|
Column A |
Column B |
|---|---|
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Sand from a mixture of sand and water |
Filtration |
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Alcohol from a mixture of methyl alcohol and water |
Fractional distillation |
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Kerosene from a mixture of kerosene and water |
Separating funnel |
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Pure water from impure water |
Distillation |
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Naphthalene from a mixture of naphthalene and lead chloride |
Sublimation |
Practise Questions on Separation
Q1. What are chemical methods of separation?
Q2. Where is decantation used? Give an example.
Q3. What happens when a saturated solution is cooled?
Q4. What is a saturated solution?
Q5. Explain the significance of separation.
Click the PDF to check the answers for Practice Questions.
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Sieving – Separation Of Mixture
Decantation and The Separation Process
Is Matter Around us Pure? (Chapter 2) | NCERT Exemplar Solutions
