As per the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the estimated number of people in modern slavery stands at approximately 40 Million. Around 25 million people are in forced labour, of whom 16 million people are exploited in the private sector such as construction, domestic work etc.
Read in detail about the International Labour Organisation – ILO on the link provided here.
This article helps you understand the prevalence of slavery in the modern world. For more details on the exam conducted by UPSC, candidates can visit the link IAS Exam.
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Global Slavery Index – Overview
Global Slavery Index is an index developed by Walk Free Foundation to measure the slavery in every country. However, the index has come under criticism from many quarters concerning the methodology adopted.
The Global Slavery Index provides rankings across three dimensions:
- Size of the problem: estimated prevalence in terms of percentage of the population and absolute numbers (by country)
- Government response: How governments are tackling the problem
- Vulnerability: Factors that explain or predict the prevalence
The Index targets private citizens, non-governmental organisations, businesses and public officials so that they can work to end modern slavery. All data involved are available for download from the website.
The latest edition of GSI – Global Slavery Index is the 2018 edition that builds on the Global Estimates of Modern Slavery, which estimated that 40.3 million people were in some form of slavery.
How Many Slaves Were there in India?
Slavery existed right from the ancient period. However, it had increased during the rule of the Mughal Empire. As per the report by Walk Free Foundation, 2016, there were approximately 18 million slaves in India. The modern forms of slavery are child labour, forced marriage, human trafficking, bonded labour, forced begging etc.
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What Countries Still Have Slavery?
Modern Slavery still exists in around 167 countries. The top 10 countries constitute around 60% of the total number of slaves. The list of top 10 countries in slavery is given below.
- North Korea
- Eritrea
- Burundi
- The central African Republic
- Afghanistan
- Mauritania
- South Sudan
- Pakistan
- Cambodia
- Iran
Who Abolished Slavery in India in the Past?
In the past Slavery was abolished by an act passed by East India Company under British India rule. The law passed was the Indian Slavery Act of 1843. All the economic transactions associated with slavery was completely banned.
The Global Slavery Index gives a map, nation by nation, of the assessed prevalence of modern slavery, along with information about the initiatives each government has taken to counter this issue.
The above details would help candidates preparing for UPSC 2022.
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