Interest formulas mainly refer to the formulas of simple and compound interests. The simple interest (SI) is a type of interest that is applied to the amount borrowed or invested for the entire duration of the loan, without taking any other factors into account, such as past interest (paid or charged) or any other financial considerations. Simple interest is generally applied to short-term loans, usually one year or less, that are administered by financial companies. The same applies to money invested for a similarly short period of time. The simple interest rate is a ratio and is typically expressed as a percentage.
On the other hand, the compound interest is the interest which is calculated on the principal and the interest that is accumulated over the previous tenure. Thus, the compound interest (CI) is also called “interest on interest”. It plays an important role in determining the amount of interest on a loan or investment. The formulas for both the compound and simple interest are given below.
Interest Formulas for SI and CI
The Interest formulas are given as,
| Formulas for Interests (Simple and Compound) | |
|---|---|
| SI Formula | S.I. = Principal × Rate × Time |
| CI Formula | C.I. = Principal (1 + Rate)Time − Principal |
Example Problems Using Interest Formulas
Question 1: A sum of Rs 4000 is borrowed and the rate is 7%. What is the simple and compound interest for 2 years?
Solution:
Simple Interest = Principle × Rate × Time = PTR/100
⇒ Simple Interest = 4000 × (7 ⁄ 100) × 2
⇒ Simple Interest = 560
∴ The simple Interest for 2 years is Rs. 560
Compound Interest = Principal × (1 + Rate)Time − Principal
So, Compound Interest = 4000 × (1 + 7 ⁄ 100)2 − 4000
⇒ Compound Interest = (4000 × 1.1449) − 4000
⇒ Compound Interest = 580
∴ The compound interest for 2 years is Rs. 580
Question 2: A sum of Rs. 25000 becomes Rs. 30000 at the end of 4 years when calculated at simple interest. Find the rate of interest.
Solution:
Given,
Principal = P = Rs. 25000
Time = T = 4 years
Amount at the end of 4 years = Rs. 30000
SI = Rs. 30000 – Rs. 25000 = Rs. 5000
SI = PTR / 100
⇒ R = SI × 100 / PT
⇒ R = 5000 × 100 /( 25000 × 4)
⇒ R = 5%
Hence, the rate of interest = 5%
Question 3: Find the compound interest on Rs. 13000 at 10% for 2 years, compounded annually.
Solution:
Given,
Principal = P = Rs. 13000
Rate of interest = r = 10%
Time = t = 2 years
Amount on CI = P(1 + r/100)2
= 13000(1 + 10/100)2
= 13000 (1 + 0.1)2
= 13000(1.1)2
= 13000 × 1.21
= 15730
CI = Amount on CI – Principal
= Rs. 15730 – Rs. 13000
= Rs. 2730
Therefore, the compound interest = Rs. 2730
More Interest Related Formulas
| Simple Interest Formula | Compound Interest Formula |
| Continuous Compound Interest Formula | Loan Balance Formula |
| Daily Compound Interest Formula | Monthly Compound Interest Formula |
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