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Question

How is Nitronium Ion formed from Nitrating Mixture?


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Solution

The formation of Nitronium ion from nitrating mixture:

  • The nitrating mixture is the combination of concentrated Sulphuric acid and Nitric acid (H2SO4+HNO3). The Nitric acid accept proton from Sulphuric acid and form Nitrooxonium and Sulphate ion.
  • In an electrophilic substitution reaction, the formation of Nitronium ion takes place. The Nitronium ion has a positive charge on the Nitrogen atom NO2+.
  • The mechanism shows the formation of Nitronium ion.

Step1: The formation of nitrooxonium and sulphonate ion takes place.

Niticacid Sulphuricacid Nitrooxonium Sulphonateion

Step 2: The nitrooxonium releases water and the formation of NO2+takes place.

Nitrooxonium Nitroniumion water

Thus, the Nitronium ion can be separated from the Nitrating mixture.


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