Question

What is the ideal dilute solution?

Answer 1

Ideal dilute solution

1. An ideal dilute solution is a true solution that obeys Henry's law and Raoult's law.
2. The interactions $\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{A}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{B}$have almost the same interactions due to which Ideal solutions are formed. In pure ideal solutions, the interactions will be of the $\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{A}\mathrm{and}\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{B}$type and these interactions are due to the ideal behavior of solutions.
3. Examples of ideal gas solutions are benzene and toluene, n-hexane and n-heptane, bromoethane and chloroethane, etc

Characteristics of Ideal gas -

1. Henry's law states that the solubility of gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. $$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{C}={\mathrm{kP}}_{\mathrm{gas}} \\ \mathrm{where}\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{solubility}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{gas} \\ \mathrm{k}=\mathrm{Henry}\mathrm{constant} \\ {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{gas}}=\mathrm{Pressure}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{gas} \end{gathered}$$
2. Raoult's law states that the vapor pressure of solution will be equal to the product of mole fraction of solvent and partial pressure of the individual solvents. $$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{solution}}={\mathrm{X}}_{\mathrm{solvent}.}^{}{\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{solvent}}^{°} \\ \mathrm{where}{\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{solution}=}\mathrm{Vapor}\mathrm{pressure}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{solution} \\ {\mathrm{X}}_{\mathrm{solvent}}=\mathrm{Mole}\mathrm{fraction}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{solvent} \\ {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{solvent}}^{°}=\mathrm{Partial}\mathrm{pressure}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{solvent} \end{gathered}$$
3. The enthalpy of mixing and the volume of mixing for the ideal gas solution are zero. $$\begin{gathered} ∆{\mathrm{H}}_{\mathrm{mix}}=0 \\ ∆{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{mix}}=0 \end{gathered}$$
4. This means that no heat is absorbed or released.