Question

How fast does kidney disease progress?

Answer 1

Kidney Disease -

1. The kidney regulates fluid levels, electrolyte balance, and other factors that keep our body's internal environment stable.
2. Our body's water-soluble wastes are excreted by the kidney. It eliminates two important chemicals, urea, and uric acid, which aid in the purification of our blood.
3. The kidney also reabsorbs and distributes important nutrients from the blood as needed. Glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate, sodium, phosphate, chloride, magnesium, potassium, ions, and other substances are reabsorbed.
4. The kidney regulates the pH of the human body, preventing proteins and enzymes from breaking down.
5. Aside from that, the kidney controls blood pressure and secretes active substances including erythropoietin, renin, and calcitriol.

Kidney Disease Progress -

1. To assess typical values, we must compare the urea, creatinine, calcium, and nitrogen levels with kidney function after collecting the blood sample.
2. Aside from that, imaging tests can be beneficial. The processes for performing a kidney renal function test are as follows.

Urine Examination -

1. A physical examination is performed during this phase, which notes the color, odor, quantity, and specific gravity of the urine.
2. Urine is examined under a microscope to identify any elements that should not be present in urine

Serum Urea -

1. Serum Urea is generated as a byproduct of protein catabolism and is seen in the serum.
2. It is created in the liver through the urea cycle from the amino group of amino acids.
3. The glomerulus filters urea, which is then released and reabsorbed in the tubular phase.
4. Only when the glomerulus function is reduced by 50% does the urea level rise.
5. Renal dysfunction is caused by an increase in serum urea levels, which is referred to as glomerular dysfunction. The normal serum urea concentration is 20-45 mg/dL.

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) -

1. BUN is calculated from serum urea levels. We can calculate the blood nitrogen level by multiplying the molecular weight by the nitrogen contribution in serum urea.
2. Azotemia is diagnosed by a rise in blood nitrogen levels.

Creatinine Level in Serum -

1. Creatinine is a muscle tripeptide. It is a sign of renal function, unlike urea.
2. High serum creatinine levels can be caused by a glomerular filtration issue.
3. The level of serum creatinine can be used to diagnose glomerular dysfunction.
4. Creatinine levels are affected by muscle mass and wear. It's an important component of the kidney function test.

Dilution Test -

1. A dilution test is used to determine how well tubules operate.
2. Urine becomes diluted when tubule reabsorption decreases.
3. The subject fasts overnight and then consumes 1200 mL of water over 30 minutes in this test. After that, urine samples are taken every four hours.
4. Tubular dysfunction is indicated by the specific gravity of 1.033 or higher in urine.