Question

What is the main function of the adrenal cortex?

Answer 1

Adrenal cortex:

1. The adrenal cortex is the outermost layer of the adrenal gland which is devoted to the production of aldosterone, cortisol, and androgens hormones.
2. There are three layers of cortex called zones which can be examined and easily differentiated under a microscope.
3. The layers and their functions are :

1. Zona glomerulosa: It secretes mineralocorticoids like aldosterone.
2. Zona fasciculata: It is responsible for producing corticosteroids like cortisol. Also secrets small quantities of androgens (such as testosterone and androstenedione)
3. Zona reticularis: It produces DHES or dehydroepiandrosterone (also called androstenolone).

The main function of the adrenal cortex:

1. The adrenal cortex secretes many hormones called corticoids.
2. They regulate metabolism, immune response, water and electrolyte balance, etc.
3. Glucocorticoids regulate carbohydrate metabolism, whereas mineralocorticoids regulate water and electrolyte balance. For example, cortisol, aldosterone, etc,