The Thyroid Gland

Q. One of the following statements is not true about thyroxine. This is:​

1. Thyroid gland can enlarge due to lack of thyroxine​
2. It regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism ​
3. Thyroid gland requires iron to synthesise thyroxine ​
4. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroxine ​

Q.

Identify the parts labelled A-C in the image given below. Use the hints given below the image for correct identification.


A - cells that form the thyroid follicles
B - cells that secrete calcitonin
C - contains thyroglobulin

1. A - Cuboidal follicular cells, B - C cells, C - Colloid

2. A - Cuboidal follicular cells, B - Colloid, C - C cells

3. A - Cuboidal follicular cells, B - Parafollicular cells, C - C cells

4. A - Cuboidal follicular cells, B - Parafollicular cells, C - Colloid

Q. Select the answer which correctly matches the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes and its functions/deficiency symptom:

1. Endocrine gland - Posterior pituitary;
   Hormone-Growth Hormone (GH);
   Function/deficiency symptoms-Oversecretion stimulates abnormal growth
2. Endocrine gland -Thyroid gland;
   Hormone-Thyroxine;
   Function/deficiency symptoms-Lack of iodine in diet results in goiter
3. Endocrine gland - Anterior pituitary;
   Hormone-Oxytocin;
   Function/deficiency symptoms - Stimulates uterus contraction during childbirth
4. 
   Endocrine gland -Corpus luteum;
   Hormone-Testosterone;
   Function/deficiency symptoms-Stimulates spermatogenesis

Q. Which statement is correct about the thyroid gland ?

1. Thyroid hormones are essential for the early development and maturation of the central nervous system.
2. $T_3$ and $T_4$ stimulate the secretion of TSH by the anterior pituitary
3. People who have an over active thyroid gland have a low BMR
4. Low plasma levels of thyroid hormones leads to thyrotoxicosis

Q.

Identify the glands in the image.

1. I – Parathyroid gland, II – Thyroid gland

2. I – Thyroid gland, II – Parathyroid gland

3. I – Thyroid gland, II – Pituitary gland

4. I – Pituitary gland, II – Parathyroid gland

Q. A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin. This is the result of:

1. Deficiency of iodine in diet
2. Cancer of the thyroid gland
3. Low secretion of growth hormone
4. Over secretion of pars distalis

Q.

Which gland requires iodine to function properly?

1. Pancreas

2. Thyroid

3. Ovaries and testes

4. Parathyroids

Q.

Graves' disease is caused due to

1. Hypersecretion of adernal gland
2. Hyposecretion of adrenal gland
3. Hyposecretion of thyroid gland
4. Hypersecretion of thyroid gland

Q.

The hormone which regulates the basal metabolism of our body is secreted from the

1. Hypothalamus

2. Pituitary gland

3. Thyroid

4. Pineal body

Q.

Amino acid which takes part in the formation of thyroxine is

1. Thyroglobulin

2. Lysine

3. Iodine

4. Tyrosine