Preparation of Nitric Acid

Q.

How do you write a chemical formula for the following scenario:

Nitric acid is a component of acid rain that forms when gaseous Nitrogen dioxide pollutant reacts with gaseous Oxygen and liquid water to form aqueous Nitric acid?

Q.

The figure given below illustrates the apparatus used in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.

(a) Name A (a liquid), B (a solid) and C (a liquid). (Do not give the formulae).

(b) Write an equation to show how nitric acid undergoes decomposition.

(c) Write the equation for the reaction in which copper is oxidized by concentrated nitric acid.

Q.

Why is conc. HCl not used in place of conc. $H_{2}S{O}_4$ in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid?

1. HCl is an acid.

2. HCl is a strong base.

3. Conc. HCl can be used.

4. HCl is volatile.

Q.

In contact process, sulphur trioxide formed is dissolved in 98% sulphuric acid and not in water.

1. True

2. False

Q. During thunderstorm, rain water contains nitric acid. Explain with reactions. [3 MARKS]

Q. why is H3PO2 considered as a monobasic acid

Q.

Identify the acid which matches the following description:

The acid which is prepared by catalytic oxidation of ammonia.

Q.

Identify the acid which matches the following description:

The acid which is used in the preparation of a non-volatile acid

Q. When nitric acid is prepared by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on potassium nitrate, what is the special feature of the apparatus used?

Q.

The correct equation for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and concentrated sulphuric acid is

1. $KN{O}_3+H_{2}S{O}_4\stackrel{<{200}^{\circ }C}{\to }KS{O}_4+HN{O}_3$
2. $KN{O}_3+H_{2}S{O}_4\stackrel{<{200}^{\circ }C}{\to }KHS{O}_4+HN{O}_3$
3. $2KN{O}_3+H_{2}S{O}_4\stackrel{>{200}^{\circ }C}{\to }{K}_{2}S{O}_4+2HN{O}_3$
4. $KN{O}_3+H_{2}S{O}_4\stackrel{>{200}^{\circ }C}{\to }KS{O}_4+HN{O}_3$

Q. Write the equation for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and concentrated sulphuric acid.

Q.

Identify the acid which matches the following description from (i) to (v)

1. The acid which is used in the preparation of a non-volatile acid
2. The acid which produces sugar charcoal from sugar
3. The acid which is prepared by catalytic oxidation of Ammonia
4. The acid on mixing with lead nitrate solution produces a white precipitate which is insoluble even on heating
5. The acid on mixing with Silver nitrate solution produces a white precipitate which is soluble in excess Ammonium hydroxide

Q. With respect to large-scale method of obtaining nitric acid, explain the following: [5 MARKS]
(a) Excess air is taken in the reaction.
(b) The gases entering the catalytic chamber must be pure.
(c) The gases must be cooled before entering the oxidation chamber.
(d) In the catalytic chamber, once the reaction starts, the external source of heat is removed.

Q.

Name two metals that react with very very dilute nitric acid.

Q. Name the compounds required for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.

Q.

Salt that can be used in laboratory to prepare nitric acid is/are?

1. Both a) and b)

2. $Hg(NO{)}_3$

3. $KN{O}_3$

4. $NaN{O}_3$

Q. (i) Explain, why only all glass apparatus should be used for the preparation of nitric acid by heating concentrated sulphuric acid and potassium nitrate.
(ii) Write a chemical equation to illustrate the acidic nature of nitric acid.

Q.

Write the equation for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and concentrated sulphuric acid.

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

Q.

Sulphur in sulphuric acid has an oxidation number of :

1. +2

2. +4

3. -4

4. +6

Q. Sodium nitrate + sulphuric acid $⟶$ _______+ nitric acid

1. Sodium sulphate
2. Sodium sulphide
3. Sodium bisulphate
4. Sodium bisulphite

Q. Nitric acid is manufactured byprocess.

1. Haber's
2. Ostwald's
3. Serpeck's

Q. When bitten by ant, the sting causes irritation due to the presence of:

1. a base in the sting
2. formic acid in the sting
3. poisonous chemicals
4. both $\left(A\right)$ and $\left(B\right)$

Q. In the catalytic oxidation of ammonia an oxide is formed which is used in the preparation of $HN{O}_3$.This oxide is :

1. $N{O}_2$
2. $N_2{O}_4$
3. $N_2{O}_5$
4. $NO$

Q. Potassium nitrate + sulphuric acid $⟶$ Potassium bisulphate + nitric acid. This reaction takes place at:

1. less than ${200}^{\circ }C$
2. more than ${200}^{\circ }C$
3. None of the above
4. ${200}^{\circ }C$

Q. A catalyst used in the manufacture of nitric acid by Ostwald's process is:

1. acetylene gas
2. aqua fortis
3. platinum
4. barium chloride

Q. In laboratory Nitric acid is prepared by heating potassium Nitrate with :

1. $H_{2}S{O}_4$
2. $C{H}_{3}COOH$
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. $HCl$

Q.

In the laboratory preparation of nitric acid, it can be obtained below ${200}^{\circ }$C or above ${200}^{\circ }$C, but the lower temperature is preferred. Which of the following reason(s) is /are correct?

i. The glass apparatus may break at a higher temperature.

ii. At lower temperature, potassium or sodium sulphate is formed, which cannot be easily removed from the apparatus.

1. i only

2. ii only

3. i and ii

4. Both of the above reasons are wrong.

Q. Nitric acid is prepared in laboratory by distilling a mixture of :

1. sodium nitrate and conc. sulphuric acid
2. potassium nitrate and conc. sulphuric acid
3. None of the above
4. Both A and B

Q.

Select the reactants required for the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.

1. Con.$H_{2}S{O}_4$ and $KN{O}_3$

2. Con.$HCl$ and $KN{O}_3$

3. Con.$H_{2}S{O}_4$ and $NaN{O}_3$

4. Con.$HCl$ and $NaN{O}_3$

Q. Which of the following can be used distinguish between dilute HCI and dilute $HN{O}_3$?

1. Ammonia
2. Ammonium chloride
3. ammonium sulphide
4. None of these