Biotic Agents for Cross Pollination

Q. Which of the following plant is not pollinated by water?

1. Lotus
2. Zostera
3. Hydrilla
4. Vallisneria

Q.

Explain the mechanism of hydrophily in Vallisneria and hydrophily in Zostera

Q. Flowering plants use external agents to achieve pollination. List the possible external agents?

Q. Describe different agents of cross-pollination.

Q.

An interesting modification of flower shape for insect pollination occurs in some orchids. A male insect mistakes the pattern on the orchid flower for the female species and tries to mate with it there by pollinating the flower. This phenomena is called

1. Pseudoparthenocarpy

2. Pseudocopulation

3. Pseudopollination.

4. Mimicry

Q. Match the type of pollination with the pollinating agent.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Types of pollination}& \text{Pollinating agent}\\ \text{A. Anemophily}& \text{i. Insect}\\ \text{B. Entomophily}& \text{ii. Water}\\ \text{C. Ornithophily}& \text{iii. Wind}\\ \text{D. Hydrophily}& \text{iv. Birds}\end{array}$

1. A- iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
2. A- iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv
3. A- ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
4. A- iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii

Q. Compare the characteristic features of insect pollinated and wind pollinated flowers. Explain how the respective features assist in pollination. [5 marks]

Q. Match the type of pollination with the pollinating agent.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Types of pollination}& \text{Pollinating agent}\\ \text{A. Anemophily}& \text{i. Insect}\\ \text{B. Entomophily}& \text{ii. Water}\\ \text{C. Ornithophily}& \text{iii. Wind}\\ \text{D. Hydrophily}& \text{iv. Birds}\end{array}$

1. A- iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
2. A- iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv
3. A- ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
4. A- iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii

Q. Anemophily type of pollination is found in

1. Vallisneria
2. bottle brush
3. Salvia
4. coconut

Q. State True or False for the following statements.

(iv) Ornithophily is pollination by birds.

Q. Give two features of flowers which favour pollination by insects.

Q. How does the floral pattern of Mediterranean orchid Ophrys guarantee cross pollination?

Q. Attractants and rewards are required in

1. entomophily
2. hydrophily
3. artificial hybridization
4. anemophily

Q. Wind pollinated flowers are

1. Small, producing large number of dry pollen grains.
2. Large producing abundant nectar and pollen.
3. Small, producing nectar and dry pollen.
4. Small, brightly coloured, producing large number of pollen grains.

Q. Assertion :Cross pollinated flowers are usually unisexual, where the flowers are bisexual, there are seven checks which help in cross-pollination and discourage self-pollination. Reason: Cleistogamy promote cross-pollination.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Q. Explain pollination in Salvia flower.

Q. The hydrophilous flowers, pollinated completely under water, are known

1. Epihydrogamous
2. Hypohydrogamous
3. Both (A) and (B)
4. Polyhydrogamous.

Q. Which among the following aquatic plants does not need water as an agent of pollination?

1. Hydrilla
2. Vallisneria
3. Water lily
4. Seagrasses

Q. Refer to the given dichotomous key and select the correct option:
I.(a) The plant bears complete flowers -Go to II
(b) The plant bears incomplete flowers - Go to III
I.(a) Plant undergoes self pollination - $P$
(b) Plant undergoes cross-pollination - Go to IV
III.(a) Plant undergoes wind pollination -$Q$
(b) Plant undergoes insect pollinations $R$
IV. (a) Plant undergoes water pollination -S
(b) Plant undergoes bat pollination -$T$

1. P could be Commelina whereas S could be sunflower
2. R could be papaya whereas T could be rose
3. Q could be barley where as S could be date palm
4. R could be orchid where as S could be zostera.

Q.

a) b) seem to describe the water-pollinated submerged plants.Which one of these is incorrect? (a) the pollen grains have mucilaginous covering.(b) the brightly coloured female flowers have long stalk to reach the surface

Q. Stamens with long bifurcated connective are found in .......... flower.

1. Bignonia
2. Bombax
3. Salvia
4. Cestrum

Q. Match the type of pollination with the pollinating agent.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Types of pollination}& \text{Pollinating agent}\\ \text{A. Anemophily}& \text{i. Insect}\\ \text{B. Entomophily}& \text{ii. Water}\\ \text{C. Ornithophily}& \text{iii. Wind}\\ \text{D. Hydrophily}& \text{iv. Birds}\end{array}$

1. A- iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
2. A- iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv
3. A- ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
4. A- iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii

Q. Anemophilous plants have

1. Sticky stigmas
2. Feathery stigmas
3. Prominent nectaries
4. Colourful flowers

Q. Match the type of pollination with the pollinating agent.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Types of pollination}& \text{Pollinating agent}\\ \text{A. Anemophily}& \text{i. Insect}\\ \text{B. Entomophily}& \text{ii. Water}\\ \text{C. Ornithophily}& \text{iii. Wind}\\ \text{D. Hydrophily}& \text{iv. Birds}\end{array}$

1. A- iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv
2. A- ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
3. A- iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii
4. A- iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i

Q. Which type of pollen grains are found in insect pollinated flowers?

1. Smooth and light
2. Large and sticky
3. Light and rough
4. Heavy and coloured

Q. Pollination with the help of snails is called.

1. Myrmecophily
2. Entomophily
3. Malacophily
4. Lepidopterophily

Q. Which of the following plant is not pollinated by water?

1. Zostera
2. Vallisneria
3. Hydrilla
4. Water hyacinth

Q. Match the type of pollination with the pollinating agent.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Types of pollination}& \text{Pollinating agent}\\ \text{A. Anemophily}& \text{i. Insect}\\ \text{B. Entomophily}& \text{ii. Water}\\ \text{C. Ornithophily}& \text{iii. Wind}\\ \text{D. Hydrophily}& \text{iv. Birds}\end{array}$

1. A- iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
2. A- iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv
3. A- ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
4. A- iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii

Q. a) Describe the mechanism of pollination in salvia.
b) Is cheetah extinct or endangered in India. Why?

Q. Pollen of anemophilous plants are

1. Small and sticky
2. Small, dry and unwettable
3. Large and heavy
4. Large, light and hygroscopic