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Question

(a) Define the following terms:
(i) Mole fraction
(ii) Ideal solution
(b) 15.0 g of an unknown molecular material was dissolved in 450 g of water. The resulting solution was found to freeze at 0.34oC. What is the molar mass of this material? (Kf for water = 1.86 K kg mol1)

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Solution

(a) (i) The ratio of number of moles of a solute (components of a mixture) to the total number of moles in the mixture is called mole fraction xA=nAnA+nB or xB=nBnA+nB
(ii) A solution that obey's Raoult's law or at all temperature and concentration is called an ideal solution.
Given : W2=15.0g,Tf=0.34oC
W1=450g,Kf=1.86Kkgmol1
(b) From the formula, Tf=1000×Kf×W2W1×M2
M2=1000×Kf×W2Tf×W1=1000×1.86×150.34×450
M2=182.35g/mol

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