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Question

A gene locus has two alleles A and a. The frequency of the dominant allele A is 0.4. What is the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?

A
0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
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B
0.16 (AA); 0.36 (Aa); 0.48 (aa)
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C
0.16 (AA); 0.24 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
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D
0.36 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.16 (aa)
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Solution

The correct option is A 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
The frequency of dominant allele is given as 0.4
So p = 0.4
p + q = 1
So, 0.4 + q = 1
q = 1 - 0.4
q = 0.6

the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive individuals in the population is calculated just by applying the p2+2pq+q2=1 equation where p2 is the frequency of homozygous dominant, 2pq is the frequency of heterozygous individuals, and q2 is the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals.

So homozygous dominant = p2
p2=(0.4)2
p2=0.16


Heterozygous = 2pq
2pq = 2×0.4×0.6
2pq = 0.48


Homozygous recessive = q2
q2=(0.6)2
q2=0.36

So the frequencies are 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)

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