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Question

A heat engine employs the following process. A liquid is heated isobarically till it reaches its boiling point, then vaporizes isothermally. The vapors expand adiabatically. It cools and condenses into the liquid and is brought back to its initial position by compression. Plot the process on P - V diagram.

A
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B
2
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C
3
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D
4
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Solution

The correct option is C 3
(A) For isobaric process P = constant, so from gas equation PV=μRT, V T and as T is increasing d)ue to heating) V will also increase. So the curve will be a straight line parallel to V axis with increasing V. This is shown by line AB in P-V diagram.
(B) For isothermal expansion T = constant, so
PV = constant, with V increasing. So the curve will be a hyperbola with V increasing i.e. BC,

(C) For adiabatic expansion PVγ = constant with V increasing i.e., curve will be more steeper than isothermal with V increasing i.e., CD,
D) In compression finally volume will decrease and pressure will increase and as the liquid is brought back to its initial state the curve will be like DA.

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