Question

A step up transformer converts a low voltage to high voltage. Does it not violate the principle of conservation of energy? Explain.

Answer 1

The law of conservation of energy cannot be violated at all. The fact that voltage and current get “stepped” in opposite directions (one up, the other down) makes perfect sense when power is equal to voltage times current, and realize that transformers cannot produce power, only convert it. Any device that could output more power than it took in would violate the Law of Energy Conservation in physics, namely that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted.

It makes a difference in number of turns.In a step up transformer, the primary has lower number of turns than the secondary and vice versa in the case of step down transformer.