(a) Which metal exists in liquid state at room temperature?
(b) Write electronic configuration of nitrogen and chlorine atoms.
(c) Show the formation of sodium chloride by the transfer of electrons between nitrogen and chlorine atoms.
(b) Write electronic configuration of nitrogen and chlorine atoms.
(c) Show the formation of sodium chloride by the transfer of electrons between nitrogen and chlorine atoms.
- Mercury (Hg) is liquid at room temperature. It melts at 234.32 K. This is very interesting because all of Mercury's neighbouring elements are solids at room temperature. Mercury is also much less reactive than Cadmium and Zinc which are directly above Mercury. Mercury doesn't conduct heat or electricity as well as other members of its group. Most metals are solids at room temperature because they share their valence electrons with surrounding metal atoms. However Mercury hangs onto its 6 valence electrons tighter than any other atom. Thus Mercury-Mercury bonds are weaker compared to other metal-metal bonds.
Nitrogen is the seventh
element with a total of 7 electrons. In writing the electron configuration for
nitrogen the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. Since 1s can only
hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for N goes in the 2s orbital. The
remaining three electrons will go in the 2p orbital. Therefore the N electron
configuration will be 1s22s22p3.In writing the
electron configuration for Chlorine the first two electrons will go in the 1s
orbital. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for Chlorine
go in the 2s orbital. The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. The p
orbital can hold up to six electrons. We'll put six in the 2p orbital and then
put the next two electrons in the 3s. Since the 3s if now full we'll move to
the 3p where we'll place the remaining five electrons. Therefore the Chlorine
electron configuration will be1s22s22p63s23p5.
As shown in image.
- Mercury (Hg) is liquid at room temperature. It melts at 234.32 K. This is very interesting because all of Mercury's neighbouring elements are solids at room temperature. Mercury is also much less reactive than Cadmium and Zinc which are directly above Mercury. Mercury doesn't conduct heat or electricity as well as other members of its group. Most metals are solids at room temperature because they share their valence electrons with surrounding metal atoms. However Mercury hangs onto its 6 valence electrons tighter than any other atom. Thus Mercury-Mercury bonds are weaker compared to other metal-metal bonds.
Nitrogen is the seventh element with a total of 7 electrons. In writing the electron configuration for nitrogen the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for N goes in the 2s orbital. The remaining three electrons will go in the 2p orbital. Therefore the N electron configuration will be 1s22s22p3.In writing the electron configuration for Chlorine the first two electrons will go in the 1s orbital. Since 1s can only hold two electrons the next 2 electrons for Chlorine go in the 2s orbital. The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. The p orbital can hold up to six electrons. We'll put six in the 2p orbital and then put the next two electrons in the 3s. Since the 3s if now full we'll move to the 3p where we'll place the remaining five electrons. Therefore the Chlorine electron configuration will be1s22s22p63s23p5.
As shown in image.
