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Question

(a) Write two equations to show the extraction of copper from its sulphide ore.
​(b) How will you refine copper? Draw a labelled diagram of the electrolytic cell used for the refining of copper.

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Solution

(a)
(i) Concentrated copper sulphide ore is roasted in air, to give oxidized copper oxide.
2Cu2S(s)+3O2roasting2Cu2O(s)+2SO2(g)
Then in the absence of air, the copper oxide formed above reacts with the remaining copper sulphide to form copper metal and sulphur dioxide.
2Cu2O(s)+Cu2S(s)heat6Cu(s)+SO2(g)

(ii)

Electrolysis of copper is done using copper electrodes. The crude copper serves as the anode while a thin sheet of pure copper serves as the cathode.
At cathode: Cu+2+2e- CuAt anode: Cu Cu+2+ 2e-

As anode dissolves away, the cathodes on which the pure metal is deposited grows in size.

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