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Question

A Zener diode, having breakdown voltage equal to 15 V, is used in a voltage regulator circuit shown in figure. The current through the diode is:


A
5 mA
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B
10 mA
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C
15 mA
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D
20 mA
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Solution

The correct option is A 5 mA
Current passes in reverse direction in a Zener diode when the Zener voltage is reached. Here the Zener voltage is given as 15 V.

Hence we can redraw the circuit diagram to note the potentials and the current through different segments.


Here we have grounded the point F and all the points F, E and D have voltage is equal to 0, since all of them are connected to each other through a wire.
Point A has potential of 20 V, B has potential of 15 V and C again has potential of 15 V (again because points B and C are connected through a wire).

The current through the resistance 250 Ω is
i3=VAVBR=2015250
=150=0.02 A

The current through the 1 kΩ resistance will be
i2=VCVDR=1501000
=0.015 A

According to the junction rule at B:
i3=i1+i2
Hence, i1=i3i2=0.005 A=5 mA

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