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Question

An atomic nucleus A is composed of 84 protons and 128 neutrons.
(i) The nucleus A emits an alpha particle and is transformed into nucleus B. What is the composition of nucleus B?
(ii) The nucleus B emits a beta particle and is transformed into a nucleus C. What is the composition of nucleus C?
(iii) Does the composition of nucleus C change if it emits gamma radiations?

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Solution

(i) Given: Composition of atomic nucleus A=84 protons and 128 neutrons.
Mass noumber of A=84+128=212
Atomic number of A=84
The nucleus A emits an alpha particle, the mass number decreases by 4 and the atomic number decreases by 2.
21284Aα20882B
Number of protons in B=82
Number of neutrons in B=20882=126

(ii) 20882Bβ20883C
Number of protons in C=83
Number of neutrons in C=20883=125

(iii) The composition of nucleus C does not change if it emits gamma radiations.

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