An electric dipole of diploe moment p placed in uniform electric field E has maximum potential energy when angle between p and E

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Standard X

Physics

Torque

An electric d...

Question

An electric dipole of diploe moment $\to p$ placed in uniform electric field $\to E$ has maximum potential energy when angle between $\to p$ and $\to E$

\frac{π}{2}

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zero

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π

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\frac{3 π}{2}

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Solution

The correct option is C $π$

$Step 1: Electric Potential energy of dipole :$

The potential energy of the dipole is given by the equation,

$U = - \to p . \to E = - p E cos θ$

Here, $θ$ is the angle between the dipole moment $(\to p)$ and the electric field $(\to E)$ as shown in figure.

$Step 2: Condition for maximum Potential energy of dipole :$

$U$ is maximum when $cos θ = - 1$ and $U = + p E$

$\Rightarrow θ = π$
Hence, Option(C) is correct.
$⃗$

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An electric dipole of diploe moment →p placed in uniform electric field →E has maximum potential energy when angle between →p and →E

An electric dipole of diploe moment $\to p$ placed in uniform electric field $\to E$ has maximum potential energy when angle between $\to p$ and $\to E$