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Question

Aqueous solution of nickel sulphate contains Ni2+ and SO42− ions.
(a) Which ion moves towards the cathode?
(b) What is the product at the anode?

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Solution

(a) Ni2+ ions (positively charged) move towards cathode (negatively charged terminal).
(b) Ions migrating to anode would be SO42-, OH-. The product at anode depends on the nature of electrode.
  • If the electrode at anode is reactive, say nickel electrode, neither of the anions get discharged due to the reactive nature of the electrode. Nickel anode itself loses electrons to form nickel ions in the electrolyte.
  • If the electrode at anode is inert, say platinum or carbon, the ion that is preferentially discharged at anode is OH- as it is located lower than SO42- in the electrochemical series. These OH- ions lose electrons, becoming neutral OH particles and react with themselves to form oxygen gas and water. Oxygen gas is liberated at anode.

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