List-1List-2P.CH3CONH2 and PCl51.Acid strengtheningQ.−NO2 group2.Optically activeR.Lactic acid3.Hydrogen is liberatedS.CH3COOH and Na4.Acetonitrile
P 4 Q 1 R 2 S 3
The first one is simple: an amide gets dehydrated to a nitrile (same number of carbon atoms)
We know that a nitro group - −NO2 is strongly electron withdrawing in nature. A carboxylic acid becomes more acidic when it has a nitro group attached to the α-carbon.
Lactic acid is chiral, consisting of two optical isomers. One of the two optical isomers of the alpha hydroxy acid is shown here:
Sodium metal is super reactive and it will liberate hydrogen with acetic acid.