Question

Clarify the differences between any two of the following groups:
(i) Homozygous and Heterozygous
(ii) Phenotype and Genotype
(iii) Dominant trait and Recessive trait

Answer 1

(i) Homozygous and Heterozygous:

When a gene pair in an organism contains two identical genes which are controlling the traits of the organism, it is considered as Homozygous.

When a gene pair contains two different genes which are controlling different traits of the organism, it is considered as Heterozygous.

(ii) Phenotype and Genotype:

The phenotype is the physical appearance of any individual, while the genetic constitution of an individual is called genotype.