Question

Define each of the following with one example:

(a) Strong acids

Answer 1

Acids:

• An acid is a substance in which the only positive ion is hydrogen. It can be replaced by a metal or basic radical.

Strong acids:

• An acid that dissociates completely or almost completely to a large extent in water, producing a high concentration of ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)$ or ${\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)$ ions, is called a strong acid.
• For example, Hydrochloric acid $\left(\mathrm{HCl}\right)$.
• Their solutions contain mainly ions.
• The dissociation equation is as follows:
  $\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\to {\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_3{\mathrm{O}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)$