Question

Draw the structure of graphite and diamond. Explain how the structures are responsible for the difference in their physical properties.

Answer 1

Structure of graphite :

• In the structure of graphite, one carbon atom is covalently bonded to three other carbon atoms in a hexagonal array.
• Carbon forms four bonds but in graphite, one carbon per atom is free and hence, graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
• It has layers and is slippery and is used as a lubricant.

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Structure of diamond :

• In the structure of graphite, one carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral structure.
• Diamond is chemically inert and does not conduct electricity.
• Since all the atoms are covalently bonded in a rigid structure, it is the hardest naturally occuring substance.