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Question

Electric charge q , q and 2q are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle ABC of side L. The magnitude of electric dipole moment of the system is

A
qL
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B
2qL
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C
3qL
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D
4qL
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Solution

The correct option is C 3qL
Step 1: Breaking the charges
In the given situation, we do not se any dipole directly. But we can make dipoles by breaking the charges.

So, We Break the 2q charge in two q charges, and we get two dipoles as shown in the figure.

Dipole moment of both dipoles P=qL

Step 2: Calculation of net dipole moment
Since dipole is vector quantity, so we add the two dipoles vectorially to get the resultant dipole moment.

Both dipoles are at angle θ=60
So, Resultant Pnet=P2+P2+2(P)(P)cos60
=3P2 =3P

Pnet=3(q×L)

Hence, Option (C) is correct.

2107199_598854_ans_b9e60733a94d442787ea83055e763c62.png

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