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Question

Electrons with energy 80 KeV are incident on the tungsten target of an X-ray tube. K shell electrons of tungsten have ionization energy 7.25 KeV. X-rays emitted by the tube contain only :

A
The characteristic X- rays spectrum of tungsten.
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B
A continuous X- rays spectrum (Bremsstrahlung) with a minimum wavelength of 0.155 ˙A and the characteristic X- rays spectrum of tungsten.
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C
A continuous X-rays spectrum (Bremsstrahlung) with all wavelengths.
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D
A continuous X-rays spectrum (Bremsstrahlung) with a minimum wavelength of nearly 0.155 ˙A
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Solution

The correct option is B A continuous X- rays spectrum (Bremsstrahlung) with a minimum wavelength of 0.155 ˙A and the characteristic X- rays spectrum of tungsten.
We know that,

E=hcλλ=hcE

As we know that continuous X- rays will always be present, so the minimum wavelength of continuous X- rays spectrum is given by

λmin(in ˙A)=1240080×103=0.155

As the energy of the incident electrons (80 KeV) is more than the ionization energy of the K shell electrons (i.e. 72.5 KeV). Therefore, characteristic X- rays spectrum will also be obtained because energy of incident electron is enough to knock out the electron from K or L shells.

Therefore option (D) is correct.

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