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Question

Explain the difference between oxidation state and valency of an element.

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Solution

Oxidation stateValency
(1)In a atom or ion of a substance, the number of effective charge present on an element is called oxidation state of an element.The valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms.
(2)The value of oxidation state may be positive, negative of zero.Valency is always +ve, Inert gases have zero valency due to complete octet.
(3)In covalent compounds, oxidation state of an element is variable.In covalent compounds, the valency of an element is generally constant.

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