Question

Explain the different types of adaptations in plants with suitable examples.

Answer 1

There are different regions in which different plants are found. The plants in these regions have adapted themselves as per the climate and the other conditions of that region.

1) There are adaptations in the desert plants. The leaves are modified into spines and the stem is converted to flat and green structures which can perform photosynthesis. There is a reduction in the number of stomata to reduce water loss. There is a waxy coating on the stem. There are long roots which can go deep. For example, cactus, Opuntia, etc.

2) Rainforest adaptation: There are dripping tips which cause the water to run off. There are plants which grow very high for sunlight. For example, orchids.

3) Tundra: There are needle-like evergreen leaves. There is a waxy coating on the leaves. The branches are drooping downwards. For example, conifers.

4) Aquatic adaptations: The leaves and stem which are under water are flexible to water movements. There is a layer of cuticle which protects from damage. There is chlorophyll on the upper surface. There are air spaces in the leaves which allow them to float. For examples, Vallisneria and Lotus.