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Question

Explain the following with proper reasoning.
CCl4 does not act as a Lewis acid while SiCl4 and SnCl4 act as Lewis acids.

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Solution

Lewis acids are those compounds which have incomplete octate or complete octate which is able to keep more electrons in its outer shell.

SiCl4 and SnCl4 act as Lewis acids as they can extend their coordination number beyond 4 due to the presence of d−orbitals.
So they are able to keep greater than 8 electrons in its outermost orbit. Thus, increase its coordination number and they work as a Lewis acid.
CCl4 can not keep more than 8 electrons in its outermost orbit due to the absence of d-orbitals. So, it not act as lewis acid.

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