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Fertilisation of gametes and formation of motile zygote of Plasmodium occurs in the
Fertilisation of gametes and formation of motile zygote of Plasmodium occurs in the
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Solution
The correct option is C gut of female Anopheles mosquito
Plasmodium is a protozoan pathogen that is responsible for the occurrence of malaria in humans. It completes its life cycle in two different hosts, the female Anopheles mosquitoes and the humans. The pathogen is transmitted through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. This disease is characterised by recurring fevers, chills, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, etc.
- The life cycle of Plasmodium in the mosquito starts when the mosquito sucks blood of an infected malaria patient and picks up the immature gametocytes (step 1) from the patient’s bloodstream. The gametocytes further develop into mature gametes within the gut of the mosquito (step 2).
- Fertilisation of the male and female gametes within the insect gut results in the formation of zygotes which develop into motile ookinetes (step 3). Ookinetes dig through the midgut wall of the mosquito and form oocysts on the exterior surface (step 4).
- Oocysts burst to release sporozoites which travel up and reside in the mosquitoes salivary glands (step 5).
- When the female Anopheles mosquito sucks blood of a human, it injects the saliva containing sporozoites into the bloodstream (step 6).
- These sporozoites attack the liver cells (step 7) within which they undergo asexual reproduction to produce multiple smaller parasitic structures called merozoites (step 8).
- The released merozoites start attacking red blood cells (step 9) and multiply asexually within them to produce more merozoites that rupture the RBCs to be released into the blood and infect other RBCs.
- Within the RBCs some of the merozoites develop into trophozoites (step 10) which further develop and undergo nuclear divisions to form a schizont with 6-24 nuclei (step 11). Cytoplasmic divisions around each nucleus lead to the formation of new merozoites.
- In some of the infected blood cells, instead of replicating, the merozoites develop into sexual forms of the parasite, called gametocytes, that circulate in the bloodstream (step 12).
- When a female Anopheles sucks blood from such an infected person, it picks up the gametocytes and the life cycle within the mosquito ensues. Thus c is the correct option.
Plasmodium is a protozoan pathogen that is responsible for the occurrence of malaria in humans. It completes its life cycle in two different hosts, the female Anopheles mosquitoes and the humans. The pathogen is transmitted through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. This disease is characterised by recurring fevers, chills, headache, muscle pain, vomiting, etc.
- The life cycle of Plasmodium in the mosquito starts when the mosquito sucks blood of an infected malaria patient and picks up the immature gametocytes (step 1) from the patient’s bloodstream. The gametocytes further develop into mature gametes within the gut of the mosquito (step 2).
- Fertilisation of the male and female gametes within the insect gut results in the formation of zygotes which develop into motile ookinetes (step 3). Ookinetes dig through the midgut wall of the mosquito and form oocysts on the exterior surface (step 4).
- Oocysts burst to release sporozoites which travel up and reside in the mosquitoes salivary glands (step 5).
- When the female Anopheles mosquito sucks blood of a human, it injects the saliva containing sporozoites into the bloodstream (step 6).
- These sporozoites attack the liver cells (step 7) within which they undergo asexual reproduction to produce multiple smaller parasitic structures called merozoites (step 8).
- The released merozoites start attacking red blood cells (step 9) and multiply asexually within them to produce more merozoites that rupture the RBCs to be released into the blood and infect other RBCs.
- Within the RBCs some of the merozoites develop into trophozoites (step 10) which further develop and undergo nuclear divisions to form a schizont with 6-24 nuclei (step 11). Cytoplasmic divisions around each nucleus lead to the formation of new merozoites.
- In some of the infected blood cells, instead of replicating, the merozoites develop into sexual forms of the parasite, called gametocytes, that circulate in the bloodstream (step 12).
- When a female Anopheles sucks blood from such an infected person, it picks up the gametocytes and the life cycle within the mosquito ensues. Thus c is the correct option.
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