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Question

Ge(II) compounds are powerful reducing agents whereas Pb(IV) compounds are strong oxidants. It is because

A
Pb is more electropositive than Ge
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B
Ionization potential of lead is less than that of Ge
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C
Ionic radii of Pb2+ and Pb4+are larger than those of Ge2+ and Ge4+
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D
Lead is heavier than Germanium
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Solution

The correct option is D Lead is heavier than Germanium
Relative stability of +2 oxidation state progressively increases for heavier elements. Thus, Germanium forms stable compounds in +4 state and only few compounds in +2 state.
Ge(II) tends to acquire Ge (IV) state by loss of electrons. Hence it is reducing in nature. Pb shows mainly +2 oxidation state frequently as compared to +4 oxidation state. This is due to the inert pair effect. Pb (IV) tends to acquire Pb (II) O.S. by gain of electrons. Hence it is oxidising in nature.

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