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How can you help in reducing the problem of waste disposal? Give any two methods.

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Solution

The problem of waste disposal can be solved by proper waste management including the collection, transport, processing, and disposal of the waste materials.

Methods of Waste Disposal:

1. Landfill:- In this process, the waste that cannot be reused or recycled is separated out and spread as a thin layer in low-lying areas across a city. A layer of soil is added after each layer of garbage.

2. Incineration:- Incineration is the process of controlled combustion of garbage to reduce it to incombustible matter such as ash and waste gas. The exhaust gases from this process may be toxic, hence it is treated before being released into the environment.

3. Waste Compaction:- The waste materials such as cans and plastic bottles are compacted into blocks and sent for recycling. This process prevents the oxidation of metals and reduces airspace need, thus making transportation and positioning easy.

4. Biogas Generation:- Biodegradable waste, such as food items, animal waste, or organic industrial waste from food packaging industries are sent to bio-degradation plants. In bio-degradation plants, they are converted to biogas by degradation with the help of bacteria, fungi, or other microbes.

5. Composting:- All organic materials decompose with time. Food scraps, yard waste, etc., make up for one of the major organic wastes we throw every day. The process of composting starts with these organic wastes being buried under layers of soil and then, are left to decay under the action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. This results in the formation of nutrient-rich manure.___

6. Vermicomposting:- Vermicomposting is the process of using worms for the degradation of organic matter into nutrient-rich manure. Worms consume and digest organic matter. The by-products of digestion which are excreted out by the worms make the soil nutrient-rich, thus enhancing the growth of bacteria and fungi. It is also far more effective than traditional composting.


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