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Question
How do you find the number of valence electrons in a ion?
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Solution
If the element is a metal, then it probably LOSES electrons to make a cation. If the element is a non-metal, it probably GAINS electrons to make a cation.
And if it is the main group element, then typically the resultant ion is isoelectronic with the LAST Noble Gas (metals), or the NEXT Noble Gas (non-metals), that is it possesses a FULL valence shell.
If Z=11, then in the NEUTRAL element there are 11 electrons, with the standard electronic configuration of 2,8,1
The sodium cation, Na+, thus MUST have 10 electrons, i.e. 8 electrons in the full valence shell.
If the element is a metal, then it probably LOSES electrons to make a cation. If the element is a non-metal, it probably GAINS electrons to make a cation.
And if it is the main group element, then typically the resultant ion is isoelectronic with the LAST Noble Gas (metals), or the NEXT Noble Gas (non-metals), that is it possesses a FULL valence shell.
If Z=11, then in the NEUTRAL element there are 11 electrons, with the standard electronic configuration of 2,8,1
The sodium cation, Na+, thus MUST have 10 electrons, i.e. 8 electrons in the full valence shell.
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