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Question
Identify the factors which lead to speciation from the following.
Identify the factors which lead to speciation from the following.
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Solution
The correct option is D Genetic drift, variation and divergent evolution
Speciation is the process of formation of new species from pre-existing species. The factors responsible for speciation are:
Geographical barrier
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Divergent evolution
∙ Geographical barrier: Geographical isolation is isolation of a species or a group of individuals from others by the means of some physical (geographical) barrier like river, mountain,big glacier etc. As the result of geographic isolation, the two species are reproductively isolated. Geographical isolation results in evolution of new species.
∙ Natural selection: It is the process by which nature selects the individual which can survive in a particular kind of environment with best possible traits. The nature selects those individuals which have variations which makes them more fit than others for the given environment. Selection performed by nature, of the best suited varieties ( having favourable variations) to survive and destruction of the less suited varieties through exposure to environmental stresses results in the formation new species.
∙ Genetic drift: Genetic drift may be defined as the sudden change in the frequency of the alleles of a gene in a given population. The random genetic drift may be an important factor in the formation of new species.
∙ Divergent evolution: In divergent evolution two species diverge from a common ancestor and develop diffrent characteristics.
Hence, from the option we can conclude that genetic drift, variation and divergent evolution are the factors that leads to speciation.
Speciation is the process of formation of new species from pre-existing species. The factors responsible for speciation are:
Geographical barrier
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Divergent evolution
∙ Geographical barrier: Geographical isolation is isolation of a species or a group of individuals from others by the means of some physical (geographical) barrier like river, mountain,big glacier etc. As the result of geographic isolation, the two species are reproductively isolated. Geographical isolation results in evolution of new species.
∙ Natural selection: It is the process by which nature selects the individual which can survive in a particular kind of environment with best possible traits. The nature selects those individuals which have variations which makes them more fit than others for the given environment. Selection performed by nature, of the best suited varieties ( having favourable variations) to survive and destruction of the less suited varieties through exposure to environmental stresses results in the formation new species.
∙ Genetic drift: Genetic drift may be defined as the sudden change in the frequency of the alleles of a gene in a given population. The random genetic drift may be an important factor in the formation of new species.
∙ Divergent evolution: In divergent evolution two species diverge from a common ancestor and develop diffrent characteristics.
Hence, from the option we can conclude that genetic drift, variation and divergent evolution are the factors that leads to speciation.
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