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Abnormal Colligative Properties

In which of t...

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In which of the following pairs the difference in dipole moment is maximum (A) cis and trance 1,2 dichloro ethene (B) cis and trance 1 chloro propene (C) o xylene m xylene

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Q. Compare the dipole moment of

o - d i c h l o r o b e n z e n e (I); o - x y l e n e (I I) a n d o - n i t r o p h e n o l (I I I)

C H_{2} C l_{2}, C H_{4}, C C l_{4}, H_{2} O, C H C l_{3}, d -

dichlorobenzene,

o

p

S C l_{2}, B F_{3}, I B r

C H_{2} O

, non zero value of dipole moment are:

Q. Match the compounds in list

I

with their correct values of dipole moment in lest

I I

:

List $I$ compound	List $I I$ Dipole moment (D)
$1$ . $o$ -nitrophenol	$(A)$ $0.05$
$2$ . $o$ -dichlorobenzene	$(B)$ $1.00$
$3$ . $o$ -xylene	$(C)$ $1.20$

Q. First, you name both the compounds. Yes, both of them have the same name. Yet, are they really the same structure, or they are somehow different? Careful inspection should convince you that they are indeed different. Now, how their physical and chemical properties differ? Generally,
i) Cis-isomer has more dipole moment than trans-isomer.
ii) Cis is less stable than trans.
iii) The boiling points of cis isomers are more than those of trans isomers (remember boiling points are directly related to polarity which is determined by dipole moment).
iv) Chemical reactivities of cis and trans also differ from each other.
The number of diastereomeric pairs and enantiomeric pairs respectively, in the set of stereoisomers of the compound

C H C l = C H - C H (C H_{3}) C_{2} H_{5}

Q. What is dipole moment? Why do cis-trans isomers have different boiling point?

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