Every atom (except noble gases) wants to complete their valance shell (outermost shell). To complete their valance shell, some atoms lose electrons i.e. Na loses electron to attain noble configuration and some atoms gain electrons to attain noble configuration i.e. oxygen gains an electron………. So they became ions (anions or cations) and became more stable than their parent atom… but these ions mostly make bonds with other ions due to electronegativity difference or attraction of positive and negative ions..
second valence shell contain 8 électron like that of noble gases. They can only react if an only if a High amount of energy is supply so as to remove and electron for réaction to occur. HenceNa+ very very less reactive