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Question

Menstrual flow marks the beginning of a particular cycle. It occurs due to receding levels of

A
oxytocin
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B
vasopressin
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C
progesterone
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D
FSH
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Solution

The correct option is C progesterone
Menstrual flow is considered to be the beginning of a particular cycle. It denotes the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle. This flow occurs because of the receding levels of progesterone and estrogen.
Ovarian hormones control the uterine changes. During the menstrual cycle, when there are developmental changes occurring in the ovary for the formation of an oocyte for fertilisation, simultaneously there are changes occurring in the uterus to receive the embryo and its subsequent implantation it in the endometrium.
In the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates. The main function of the corpus luteum is to produce progesterone. Degeneration of corpus luteum leads to the decline in levels of progesterone. Progesterone is very important in the maintenance of the endometrium to support pregnancy. In the absence of progesterone, the developmental changes that had occurred in the uterus begin to deteriorate. Thus menstrual flow occurs.
Oxytocin and vasopressin are released from the posterior pituitary. Oxytocin brings about the contraction of uterine smooth muscles and helps in childbirth. Vasopressin helps in the reabsorption of water by kidneys.
FSH is produced by the anterior pituitary. It is active during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and stimulates the development of follicles.

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