Question

Mention three causes of low productivity of Agriculture industry of India.

Answer 1

Technical Factors include techniques and methods of production:

(i) Traditional methods of Cultivation:

Traditional methods of cultivation like manual ploughing, two crop pattern and old system of irrigation are mainly responsible for low productivity of agriculture.

(ii) Old implements:

Traditional equipment’s like wooden ploughs, sickles and spades are commonly used. Tractors & Combines are not so common in use. Due to the use of these old implements agriculture is backward.

(iii) Insufficient irrigation facilities:

Indian agriculture is mainly dependent on rain. Even after 60 years of Independence only 40% of the agricultural land has permanent irrigation facility. Due to improper irrigation facility, farmer can produce one crop only in a year.

(iv) Problems of soil:

Indian soil has many problems like soil erosion, water logging, nitrogen deficiency and swamps. These are the reasons for low productivity of agriculture.

(v) Problems of pests and diseases of crops:

Plant diseases like rust and smut and rats, insects and pests destroy large portion of crops.