(a) When a body is submerged in water, it feels an upward push. That upward push of the water on the body is known as Buoyant force.
(b) When two rough surfaces come in contact, they move over one another, the force involved is known as Frictional force.
(c) The force which pulled the apple off is the gravitational force of attraction of the earth. It always acts downwards, towards the center of the earth.