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Oil Refining or Fractional Distillation

On the basis ...

Question

On the basis of mentioned properties, identify the correct substance.
a) It is a product of fractional distillation of crude oil.
b) Boiling range of this product is 200-380⁰C.

A

Kerosene

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B

Lubricating oil

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C

Diesel

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D

Fuel oil

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Solution

The correct option is C Diesel
Diesel oil is a product obtained during fractional distillation of petroleum. The boiling range of diesel oil lies between 200-380⁰C. Diesel oil is an excellent fuel and is used in heat intensive applications such as furnaces and boilers.
Kerosene oil, lubricating oil and fuel oil are also obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum at 170⁰C, 400⁰C and 600⁰C respectively.

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Q. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words selected from those given below.

heights, condense, lower, bitumen, hydrocarbons,
high, fractional distillation, cool, fractionating column,
diesel oil, petrol, refinery, higher up, lower down

(a) Crude oil is made up of many different ___________. In an oil ___________, the hydrocarbons are separated into different products by a process called _____________ ___________. The crude oil is heated to a high temperature and passed into the____________ __________. As the vapours rise towards the top the different hydrocarbons ___________ at different ___________ and are withdrawn separately.
(b) Substances with _____________ boiling points condense first, in the column. Substances with ___________ boiling points condense ______________. Light products like ___________ are withdrawn from near the top of the column. Heavier products like ___________ and fuel oil are taken out lower down. The heaviest hydrocarbons, such as __________ are left at the bottom.

Q. On the basis of mentioned properties, identify the correct substance.
a) It is a product of fractional distillation of crude oil.
b) Boiling range of this product is 200-380⁰C.

Q. On the basis of mentioned properties, identify the correct substance.
a) It is a product of fractional distillation of crude oil.
b) Boiling range of this product is 200-380⁰C.

Name the gaseous product of the fractional distillation of crude oil.

Crude oil is purified using fractional distillation process. This method works on the principle of:

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