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Question

Out of Cu+ and Cu2+, which ion is unstable in aqueous solution and why?

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Solution

Cu+ is unstable in aqueous solutions. This is because in aqueous solution Cu+ undergoes disproportionation to form a more stable Cu2+ ion.
2Cu+(aq)Cu2+(aq)+Cu(s)
The higher stability of Cu2+ ion in aqueous solution may be attributed to its greater negative ΔHydH than that of Cu+. It compensates the second ionisation enthalpy of Cu involved in the formation of Cu2+ ions.

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