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Question

Pentoses and hexoses are the most common:

A
Disaccharides
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B
Monosaccharides
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C
Oligosaccharides
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D
Polysaccharides
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Solution

The correct option is B Monosaccharides
A monosaccharide is the simplest form of sugar containing one carbohydrate residue. It cannot be hydrolysed further. Based on the number of carbon atoms, monosaccharides can be divided into trioses (having 3 carbon atoms), tetroses (having 4 carbon atoms), pentoses (having 5 carbon atoms) and hexoses (having 6 carbon atoms). For example - the ribose sugar present in the RNA and DNA is a pentose sugar with 5 carbon atoms and glucose is a hexose sugar with 6 carbon atoms.
Both pentoses and hexoses are monosaccharides.
Disaccharides are made up of 2 monosaccharide units joined together by a glycosidic bond.
Oligosaccharides are made up of more than 2 monosaccharides (3-10) joined by glycosidic bonds.
Polysaccharides are made up of more than 10 monosaccharide units joined by glycosidic bonds.

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