Q. It can be readily seen that the number of elements in each period is twice the number of atomic orbitals available in the energy level that is being filled. Explain this statement with examples

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Solution

This is becuase each atomic orbital can have two electrons and when we go from one element to another, there is a difference of only one electron. So if the number of atomic orbitals is 3 then the number of electrons to be filled is 23 = 6, and hence 6 elements in a period.
Example: In period 2 we have to fill one s and one 3 p orbitals so the total electrons required is 42 = 8
And the elements are Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne. 8 in number.

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