The correct option is B b) i and iii
Ans (b)
The outbreak of the First World War (1914) gave a new lease of life to the nationalist movement. It was used as an opportunity by the Ghadar Revolutionaries based in North America. Ghadarites attempted a violent overthrow of British rule. North America was home to Punjabi immigrants (mainly peasants and ex-soldiers) who went there in search of livelihood oppurtunities. But, the immigration laws were strict. They had to face racial discrimination. Agitations against entry of Indians were launched by native American labourers and they were supported by politicians who were looking for votes. The Canadian government passed the “Continuous Passage Act” to stop the immigrants, particularly from India. Ghadar Party was formed in 1913. It was a part of the Hindu-German Conspiracy formulated between 1914 to 1917 to initiate a pan-India rebellion against the British Raj during the First World War. It was a conspiracy between the Ghadar Party, the Berlin Committee in Germany ( started by Indian students & political activists), revolutionaries in India, German Foreign Office through it’s consulate in San Francisco. Some of the important leaders were Lala Hardayal, Sohan Singh Bakna, Kartar Singh Sarabha, Mohammed Barkatullah, and Madam Bhikaji Cama etc. They published a weekly newspaper ‘Ghadar’ & set up a headquarters called Yugantar Ashram at San Francisco. Their ideology was secular. They had members from all background. They invited Indian people and the Indian soldiers to start a armed revolt in India. They had planned 21st Feb 1915 as the date of the armed revolt. But it failed