Question

Question 36
We eat food composed of all the nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. After digestion, these are absorbed in the form of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol etc. What mechanisms are involved in the absorption of digested food and water?

Answer 1

1. Most of the and products of digestion along with vitamins, minerals, and water, are absorbed in the small intestinal lumen by the following mechanisms for absorption.
2. The mechanisms involved in the process of absorption of digested food are simple diffusion, active transport, facilitated transport, and passive transport.
3. For the absorption of water, the mechanism involved is osmosis.

• Simple diffusion:

1. This is the process in which the constad food molecules from the small intestine move from their region of higher concentration to their region of lower concentration that is the blood.
2. This movement continues they are uniformly distributed throughout the available space. For example glucose, amino acids diffuse into the blood.

• Active Transport:

1. It is a process in which the digested food or solut moves from lower concentration to higher concentration with the help of emal energy. 2. For example, through the process of active transport, sodiumions are absorbed.

• Facilitated transport

1. In this mechanism of transport the movement of the solute through a membrane course with the help of carrior proteins.
2. For example, the absorption of digested proteins in the form of amino acids.

• Passive transport

1. It is the process that involves the movement of the solute or digested food in simpler form through the col membrane without the help of any codornal energy

• Osmosis

1. In the mechanism of osmosis the water moves from the region of high water concentration that is in the smal tine to the region of low water concentration that is in the blood through a semipermeable membrane.